Plant and Animal Take Home Quest Essays - Biology,

Plant and Animal Take Home Quest Compared to other living things, plants were green, photosynthetic organisms that use energy from the sun to produce food for themselves as well as other living organisms. All plants owe their existence to a form of algae a very long time ago. It turned into a cyanobacteria and then became an internal power plant. Plants originate from the water and in order to survive on land, a tall plant needs to withstand the force of gravity. So ridged cell walls were developed, however they also developed deep roots, so they could access the water they needed and also provide stability. All plants undergo a life cycle that takes them both haploid and diploid generations. The multicellular diploid plant produces spores through the process of Meiohz Division. The multicellular haploid plant is formed from a spore. This fluctuation between diploid haploid stages that occurs in plants is called the alteration of generations. Bryophytes are non-vascular plants. Like the name suggests, the organisms don't have vascular tissues, or other stuff to conduct water nutrients. These plants can only draw water by osmosis. Trichophytes have tissues that transports water and nutrients to other tissues, named phloem (Vascular Tissues) Gymno sperms are a group of seed producing plants that regenerate. Some advantages include wind disposed pollen, which doesn't need water for fertilization. The seed protected the embryo from drying out. The seed provides nutrients, to the embryo, which promotes early plant growth. And Angiosperm is a plant that flowers and produces seeds enclosed with a carpel. The angiosperms are a large group and include shrubs, grasses and trees. Angiosperms also don't rely always on water, and due to this advantage and a few others, Angiosperms are above the most successful phyla. I would classify this plant by its direct stem as its trachophytes that allow water to flow because it has leaves. Animals are a major group of organisms, classified as the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa . In general, they are multicellular, capable of locomotion and responsive to their environment, and feed by consuming other organisms. Animals have several characteristics that set them apart from other living things. Animals are eukaryotic and usually multicellular (although see Myxozoa), which separates them from bacteria and most protists . They are heterotrophic, generally digesting food in an internal chamber, which distinguishes them from plants and algae. They are also distinguished from plants, algae, and fungi because their cells lack cell walls. A ny of three primary cell layers, formed in the earliest stages of embryonic development, consisting of the endoderm (inner layer), the ectoderm (outer layer), and the mesoderm (middle layer). The germ layers form during the process of gastrulation, when the hollow ball of cells that constitutes the blastula begins to differentiate into more-specialized cells that become layered across the developing embryo . The germ layers represent some of the first lineage-specific (multipotent) stem cells (e.g., cells destined to contribute to specific types of tissue, such as muscle or blood ) in embryonic development. Hence, each germ layer eventually gives rise to certain tissue types in the body. Different Types of Symmetry. -Radical Symmetry- organism resembles a pie, Ex. Jellyfish. -Bilateral Symmetry- An axis, and both sides look roughly the same, Ex. Human. -Spherical Symmetry- An axis and both sides look the same, Ex. Fresh water algae. Cephalization, the differentiation of the anterior (front) end of an organism into a definite head. Considered an evolutionary advance, cephalization is accompanied by a concentration of nervous tissue (cephalic ganglion or brain) and feeding mechanisms in the head region that serves to integrate the activities of the nervous system . Some groups of organisms show full cephalization, but because their bodies are not divided into distinct trunks and heads, they cannot be said to possess a distinct anatomical head. Coelom can be called as the body cavity running throughout the length of the trunk in some organisms. Coelom originates by the splitting of the mesoderm (the second layer found in three-layered organisms or the triploblasts ) during early embryonic stages and then later exists inner to it. Filled with coelomic fluids, it causes separation of the gut from the body wall and